![]() In January 1841, the ships landed on Victoria Land, and they proceeded to name areas of the landscape after British politicians, scientists, and acquaintances. On 21 November 1840 they departed for Antarctica. In September 1839, the Erebus and the Terror departed Chatham, arriving at Tasmania (then known as Van Diemen's Land) in August 1840. Davis, who produced numerous charts and illustrations of the voyage Painting of the expedition in front of Beaufort Island and Mount Erebus, by Terror 's second master, John E. He had been on the Beagle surveying the coasts of Bolivia, Peru and Chile. Davis who was responsible for much of the surveying and chart production, as well as producing many illustrations of the voyage. McCormick had been ship's surgeon for the second voyage of HMS Beagle under Captain Robert FitzRoy, along with Darwin as gentleman naturalist. Hooker later became one of England's greatest botanists he was a close friend of Charles Darwin, and became director of the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew for twenty years. Thomas Abernethy, who had been on previous Arctic expeditions with Ross, was gunner. The botanist Joseph Dalton Hooker, then aged 23 and the youngest person on the expedition, was assistant-surgeon to Robert McCormick, and responsible for collecting zoological and geological specimens. HMS Terror was commanded by Ross's close friend, Francis Crozier. The expedition was led by a Captain of the Royal Navy, James Clark Ross, who commanded HMS Erebus. Ross had made many previous expeditions to the Arctic, including experience as captain. Sir James Clark Ross was chosen after previous experience working on the British Magnetic Survey from 1834 onwards, working with prominent physicists and geologists such as Humphrey Lloyd, Sir Edward Sabine, John Phillips and Robert Were Fox. In 1838, the British Association for the Advancement of Science proposed an expedition to carry out magnetic measurements in the Antarctic. Portrait of Sir James Clark Ross by John R. The expedition was the last major voyage of exploration made wholly under sail.Īmong the expedition's biological discoveries was the Ross seal, a species confined to the pack ice of Antarctica. The expedition inferred the position of the South Magnetic Pole, and made substantial observations of the zoology and botany of the region, resulting in a monograph on the zoology, and a series of four detailed monographs by Hooker on the botany, collectively called Flora Antarctica and published in parts between 18. The young botanist Joseph Dalton Hooker made his name on the expedition. On the expedition, Ross discovered the Transantarctic Mountains and the volcanoes Erebus and Terror, named after his ships. It explored what is now called the Ross Sea and discovered the Ross Ice Shelf. The Ross expedition was a voyage of scientific exploration of the Antarctic in 1839 to 1843, led by James Clark Ross, with two unusually strong warships, HMS Erebus and HMS Terror. HMS Erebus and HMS Terror in the Antarctic, by James Wilson Carmichael, 1847.
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